Blumay,
Carl, and Henry Edwards. The Dark Side of Power: The Real Armand Hammer. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.1. Hammer
2. Kapitza
3. Loginov
4. Mally
5. Nora Murray
6. Ruth Werner
7. Sorge
8. Rote Kapelle and Rote Drei:
a. A - Q
b. R - Z
10. The Cambridge Five (plus Modin and Orlov)
13. Also see "Spy Cases U.S." Table of Contents for additional Soviet spies
Blumay,
Carl, and Henry Edwards. The Dark Side of Power: The Real Armand Hammer. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
According to Surveillant 3.1, this work shows that Hammer was "listed in KGB files as an agent vliyana, an agent of influence for the Soviet government.... [N]ot everyone was fooled by all that money and his charitable hype." Blumay "sets the record straight."
Anthony Cave Brown, WPNWE, 12-18 Jun. 1995, says that this book's material on Armand Hammer is particularly instructive, because it shows Hammer present at both the beginning of the Comintern and the end of the Soviet Union. Nonetheless, to the end, Hammer "remained a political riddle."
See also, Klehr, Haynes, and Firsov, The Secret World of American Communism (1995).
Epstein,
Edward Jay. Dossier: The Secret History of Armand Hammer. New York: Random House, 1996.
According to Goulden, IJI&C 9.4, the author "performs the ultimate unmasking of a man who deceived, even betrayed, his country, his family, and the hired toadies who posed as his friends.... The account is of a man who bribed and cheated his way to great wealth -- and who started with Soviet gold.... Epstein tells in gripping detail how the Soviets used the willing Hammer as a financial errand boy.... Dossier, a rousing read, is one of the best intelligence books of the decade."
Epstein,
Edward Jay. "The Riddle of Armand Hammer." New York Times Magazine,
23 Nov. 1981, 68-73, 112, 114, 116, 118, 129, 122.
Shoenberg, David.
"Kapitza, Fact and Fiction." Intelligence and National Security
3, no. 4 (Oct. 1988): 49-61.
Although Kapitza has been referred to in connection with both the development of the Soviet atom bomb and the Cambridge spy ring, the author argues that he really was not part of either activity.
Carr,
Barbara. Spy in the Sun: The Story of Yuriy Loginov. Cape Town, South Africa: Howard Timmins, 1969.
Constantinides: Loginov was a Soviet illegal arrested in South Africa in 1967. The report is based on official records, and sometimes reads like it. "The many faults and shortcomings overshadow one of the lengthier and more complete expositions of Soviet illegal modus operandi, which stands up if particular details do not."
Duff,
William E. A Time for Spies: Theodore Stephanovich Mally and the Era
of the Great Illegals. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 1999.
According to Powers, NYRB (11 May 2000) and Intelligence Wars (2004), 99-100, Mally was "a Hungarian captured by the tsarist armies during World War I and freed by the Bolsheviks, who recruited him to the Communist cause and a career in the running of spies.... He performed his most important job during the two years (1935-1937) he spent handling the Cambridge Five in London.... Much of Mally's life is still unknown, but the character of the man emerges clearly in Duff's wonderful book."
Goedeken, Library Journal, 15 Oct. 1999, finds that the author is "at times overly detailed in his presentation"; nevertheless, "Duff provides the reader with a sophisticated analysis of ... Mally and his work as an undercover agent for Stalin."
Barron, IJI&C 14.3, notes that although this "well-documented treatise" focuses on Mally, it "is really an exposition of overall operations of Soviet Illegals during the 1930s."
Murray,
John. A Spy Called Swallow: The True Story of Nora, the Russian Agent.
London: W.H. Allen, 1978.
Rocca and Dziak: This is the "story of the daughter of a prestigious security service official, purged from her liaison position with the Soviet Foreign Office in 1938, who became an informant in 1941 and targeted on an official of the British Embassy, Moscow."
See also, Nora Murray, I Spied for Stalin (London: Odhams, 1950).
Murray, Nora. I Spied for Stalin. London: Odhams, 1950. New York: Wilfrid, Funk, 1951.
See also, John Murray, A Spy Called Swallow: The True Story of Nora, the Russian Agent (London: W.H.Allen, 1978).
Fischer, Benjamin B. "Farewell to Sonia, the Spy Who Haunted Britain." International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 15, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 61-76.
Fischer notes that, strictly speaking, Ruth Werner "was not ... a spy. As a GRU ... agent and illegal who served as liaison between the Moscow Center and the real spies, she was rather a spy-handler." As SONIA of the Venona transcripts, she handled both Klaus Fuchs and Melita Norwood, work that "put[s] her in the superstar category" in espionage history.
Werner, Ruth. Sonjas Rapport. Berlin: Verlag Neues Leben, 1977. Sonya's Report: The Fascinating Autobiography of One of Russia's Most Remarkable Secret Agents. London: Chatto & Windrus, 1991.
Surveillant 2.1 identifies Sonya's Report as the autobiography of a "Soviet agent and associate/lover of Richard Sorge." It is the "professional memoir of a Communist intelligence agent.... Her greatest coup: the passing of British A-bomb secrets from Klaus Fuchs to Stalin."
Ruth Werner (born Ursula Ruth Kuczynski in Berlin in 1907) died in Berlin on 7 July 2000 at the age of 93. Her obituary, "Ruth Werner," Times (London), 10 Jul. 2000, 27, termed her "[o]ne of the most effective agents for the Soviet Union in the early, tension-filled years of the Cold War." Werner's skills as a Soviet agent are illustrated by the continuation of her work dispatching Klaus Fuchs' take to Moscow for two years after her cover had been blown to British security. After fleeing the United Kingdom in 1949, she became "a key member" of the bureaucracy of the East German Communist Party, "in which she served for several decades."
See David Binder, "Ruth Werner, Colorful and Daring Soviet Spy, Dies at 93," New York Times, 23 Jul. 2000, 27; "Cold War Spy Ruth Werner," Washington Post, 9 Jul. 2000, C6; "Ruth Werner, Soviet Spy, Died on July 7th, Aged 93," The Economist, 13 Jul. 2000, 26; and Michael Hartland, "Sonia, The Spy Who Haunted Britain," Sunday Times, 15 Jul. 2000, 1, 3.
For more on Werner's life in the world of Communist espionage, read Benjamin B. Fischer, "Farewell to Sonia, the Spy Who Haunted Britain," International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 15, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 61-76. Fischer notes that, strictly speaking, Werner "was not ... a spy. As a GRU ... agent and illegal who served as liaison between the Moscow Center and the real spies, she was rather a spy-handler." As SONIA of the Venona transcripts, she handled both Klaus Fuchs and Melita Norwood, work that "put[s] her in the superstar category" in espionage history.
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